Squirrel cage induction motor an overview sciencedirect topics. A hollow rotor would have a much less efficient performance. Know about the different winding slots, lamination of the stator and its construction. Parida department of electrical engineering national institute of technology, silchar. Kanpur, india design of a three phase squirrel cage induction motor for electric propulsion system ravi prakash,mohammad junaidakhtar, r. Single phase induction motors are used extensively for smaller loads, such as household appliances like fans. Threephase squirrel cage induction motors for centrifugal pumps for agricultural applications by bureau of indian standards. So the main idea behind motor maintenance is to prevent breakdown rather than repairs them. Squirrel cage rotor three phase induction motor the rotor core is cylindrical and slotted on its periphery. Three phase squirrel cage induction motors are widely used as industrial drives because they are selfstarting, reliable and economical. Know about the most popular and almost unbreakable construction of squirrel cage induction motor.
Be careful it can hurt to tangle with a threephase motor. Induction motor might be worked as either motors or generator. In simple words, the type of 3 phase induction motor which uses a squirrel cage rotor is called squirrel cage induction motor. Threephase squirrelcage induction motors are widely used in industrial drives because they are rugged, reliable and economical. Three phase induction motor squirrel cage rotor customer. Almost 80% of the mechanical power used by industries is provided by three phase induction motors because of its simple and rugged construction, low cost, good operating characteristics, the absence of commutator and good speed regulation. This simplest form of ac induction motor or asynchronous motor is the basic, universal workhorse of industry. The three phase squirrel cage induction motors are classified into 6 different standard types based on their electrical characteristics. An induction motor is an electrical motor whic does not require external excitation of the rotor. The picture of a tiny squirrel cage motor, illustrating the squirrel cage rotor, is shown in figure 3a. Background the simplest and most widelyused rotor for induction motors is the socalled squirrel cage rotor, from which the squirrel cage induction motor gets its name. The motor efficiency class and nominal motor efficiency must be stated on the motor nameplate and given in product documentation and motor catalogues.
The most common type of rotor used in a three phase induction motor is a squirrel cage rotor. This paper describes a generalized simulation model of the threephase induction motor using the simulink software package of matlab. Normally, we use the motors in industrial drives because they are rugged, reliable and economical. The threestator windings develop a rotating magnetic flux rotating at synchronous speed. Three phase induction motors an electric motor is a device which converts electrical energy into. Load tests on a three phase induction motor and measurement of the inrush current objectives. Squirrel cage wound rotor with slip rings the rotating magnetic field the basic idea of an electric motor is to generate two magnetic fields. Squirrel cage induction motor the engineering projects. In a three phase induction motor, the number of poles in the rotor winding is always. This method is normally limited to smaller cage induction motors, because starting current can be as high as.
What are the specific applications of squirrel cage and. A 3 phase squirrel cage induction motor is a type of three phase induction motor which functions based on the principle of electromagnetism. Set up and connections threephase induction motor noload and fullload operation threephase induction motor operation characteristics threephase induction motor direction of rotation p rocedure high voltages are present in this laboratory. Pdf in the european union, the average load factor of electric motors in both industrial and tertiary sectors is estimated to be less than 60% find. This motor should be mounted on the motor bench, wherein the motor shaft may be coupled to the dynamometer for taking the measurements. Induction motor has the same physical stator as a synchronous machine with an alternate rotor development. To measure the inrush current when the motor starts. The maximum torque of a squirrel cage induction motor is also called pullout torque because of the way the motor reacts to an overload. It is usually designed for fixedspeed operation, larger ratings having such features as deep rotor bars to limit direct on line dol.
The first commutatorfree single phase ac induction motor was invented by hungarian. Design of a three phase squirrel cage induction motor for. Scope regulation eu 42014 covers single speed, three phase, 50 hz and 60 hz induction motors with. Rotor has a winding the same as stator and the end of each phase is connected to a slip ring. But at the starting of the induction motor, starting current is very large which may damage motor windings. Windings are such placed that they are electrically and mechanically 120 o apart from in space.
A successful salesman for general electrics motor division once remarked to one of your instructors that, when asked by a customer how a motor. Oct 09, 2016 in simple words, the type of 3 phase induction motor which uses a squirrel cage rotor is called squirrel cage induction motor. These windings are either star connected or in delta connected. Three phase slip ring induction motor my tech info. Watch this video and learn basics of squirrel cage induction motor.
The reason for the name squirrel cage is because of the type of rotor used in these motors. Pdf modelling of the threephase induction motor using. Singlephase induction motors are used extensively for smaller loads, such as household appliances like fans. Stator winding can be either star or delta connected depending upon the design.
In electrical equipment the anchors winding would be induced by the magnetic field, although the rotor takes this part in threephase induction motors. Menzel squirrel cage motors are available in all standard motor cooling and protection types for lowvoltage from 75 kw as. Squirrel cage three phase energyefficient induction motors. It is called a squirrel cage motor because the rotor inside of it known as a squirrel cage rotor looks like a squirrel cage. Ac induction motors are also the most common motors used in main powered home appliances. An induction motors rotor can be either wound type or squirrelcage type.
Also appreciate the rugged construction of squirrel cage rotor and know the spectacular reasons for the skewed arrangements of the rotor conductors. Three phase squire cage induction motor, fully enclosed. L direct on line starte it is simple and cheap starter for a 3 phase induction motor. Squirrel cage induction motor requires significantly less maintenance as it does not contain brushes, commutators, slip rings. What is a squirrel cage motor and how does it work. Y2 series three phase induction motor i asynchronous motor y2 series three phase asynchronous motor is a kind of totally enclosed fancooled tefc squirrelcage induction motor. Because the squirrel cage winding is not large enough to dissipate the heat of continuous operation, large synchronous machines often have protective relays to detect when the machine has fallen out of synchronization with the supply voltage.
The rotor will constantly be turning to align its magnetic field with that of the stator field. A threephase, squirrel cage induction motor is fed by a voltagesource inverter. Parameters identification of the threephase squirrelcage induction. Working principle of 3 phase squirrel cage induction motor. Y2 series 3phase induction motors are characterized with.
The squirrel cage rotor consists of a laminated iron core which is slotted lengthwise around its periphery. The stator has windings that produce a magnetic field, and. In this work a conventional three phase squirrel cage type induction motor with specifications 10 hp, 415v, stardelta connected and 4 poles is chosen for comparison with our motor, which is designed for good efficiency. This method is normally limited to smaller cage induction motors, because starting current can be as high as eight times the full load current of the motor. Advantages of 3 phase induction motor generally easy to build and cheaper than corresponding dc or synchronous motors induction motor is robust. In a squirrel cage induction motor, the rotor has conductive bars embedded in slots in the laminations, running the length of the rotor. Dec 10, 2015 watch this video and learn basics of squirrel cage induction motor. What is the difference between a squirrel cage motor and a. The slip ring induction motor could be used for industrial wires where variable speed and high starting torque are prime requirements. A threephase, squirrelcage induction motor is fed by a voltagesource inverter.
The torque of the induction motor depends on the rotor resistance. When a 3 phase supply is given to the stator winding it sets up a rotating magnetic field in space. Menzel squirrel cage induction motors are manufactured for various industries and industrial applications of all kinds. Three phase squirrel cage induction motors are widely used in industrial drives because they are rugged, reliable and economical. Basically, it is the construction of rotor which makes squirrel cage induction motor different from wound type induction motor. In order to promote public education and public safety, equal justice for all, a better informed citizenry, the rule of law, world trade and world peace, this legal document is hereby made available on a noncommercial basis, as it is the right of all humans to know and speak the laws that govern them. The basic idea of an electric motor is to generate two magnetic fields. The three phase induction motor is the extensively used for various kinds of industrial drives. This rotating magnetic field has a speed which is known as the synchronous speed this rotating magnetic field induces the voltage in rotor bars and hence shortcircuit currents start flowing in the rotor bars.
An induction motor s rotor can be either wound type or squirrel cage type. This rotor is made up from parallel aluminum or copper bars. The most commonly used induction motor type is the three phase motor ranging from 1 to 250 hp. The principle of working of squirrel cage and slip ring induction motor is based on faradays law of electromagnetic induction. They have speeds ranging from 900 to 3600 rpm in 60 hz and from 750 to 3000 rpm in 50 hz applications.
Third international conference on advances in control and optimization of dynamical systems march 15, 2014. Construction of squirrel cage induction motor explained. This article will focus on what needs to be specified for squirrel cage induction motors, which involves phase, speed, torque, and. The rotor consists of uninsulated copper or aluminium bars called rotor conductors. The three phase squirrelcage induction machine is the most used motor in industry applications. Pdf novel multiflux level, threephase, squirrelcage induction. This paper describes a generalized simulation model of the three phase induction motor using the simulink software package of matlab. In this work a conventional three phase squirrelcage type induction motor with specifications 10 hp, 415v, stardelta connected and 4 poles is chosen for comparison with our motor, which is.
Foot mounted b3 construction 3 phase squirrel cage induction motors suitable for v. After the maximum torque point which is three to four times the fullload torque, the decrease in rotor p. To obtain the load performance characteristics of a three phase squirrel cage induction motor. Construction of three phase induction motor electrical4u. The three phase induction motor is the most widely used electrical motor. A 3 phase ac induction motor photoed by hordu motor. An induction motor can therefore be made without electrical connections to the rotor. Induction motor basics, single phase and three phase. Squirrel cage induction motors menzel elektromotoren. High power asynchronous squirrel cage compact motor. A squirrel cage rotor core is made by stacking thin steel laminations to form a cylinder. The stator of slip ring induction motor is very much the same as that of the squirrel cage induction motor, but the construction of its rotor is very much different. In a threephase induction motor, the number of poles in the rotor winding is always. Parida department of electrical engineering national institute of technology, silchar,assam, india email.
For higher ratings refer to high efficiency large motors with dcca. The threephase induction motor is the extensively used for various kinds of industrial drives. These bars are shorted at each end with shorting rings. Be careful it can hurt to tangle with a three phase motor. This article presents an understanding of what squirrel cage induction motors are and. Chemical industry severe duty motors are built to ieee standard 841. The main difference between slip ring and squirrel cage induction motor is the rotor construction. It is usually designed for fixedspeed operation, larger ratings having such features as deep rotor bars to limit direct on line dol starting currents. The induction motor is started by itself that we know. Oct 19, 20 three phase squirrel cage induction motor with inverter section model 0100hz.
To learn more, feel free to visit our article on the types of ac motors. The new iec 60034301 defines worldwide the following efficiency classes of singlespeed threephase, cage induction motors in the 0,12 kw power range. Threephase induction motor squirrel cage rotor customer. Designing of three phase squirrel cage induction motor for. In the squirrel cage induction motor the rotor slots are usually given. The three phase induction motors are simple in construction, rugged, low cost and easy to maintain. Threephase squirrelcage induction motors are widely used as industrial drives.
Advantages of three phase squirrel cage induction motor. When the 3 phase supply is provided to the stator, a magnetic field is produced which rotates the rotor and motor starts. Three phase squirrel cage induction motor with inverter section model 0100hz. Parts of an induction motor three phase induction motor. These motors are tested to strict quality control for routine and type tests at every stage of production and are ideally suitable for various industrial applications. Compared to squirrel cage rotors, wound rotor motors are.
Y2 series 3 phase induction motors are characterized with. Introduction types of electrical machines types of 3ph induction motor basic principle working principle compnents of induction motor application comparision between 1ph i. Threephase squirrelcage induction motors are widely used as industrial drives because they are selfstarting, reliable and economical. Each rotor bar is represented as an independent circuit connected to an end ring that has a constant resistance and inductance. The mesh in the air gap may or may not be remeshed at each time step. The rotor of a squirrel cage induction motor is shor. We saw the construction of the squirrel cage induction motor. The general construction of the slots in the rotor is such that the rotor bars. The starting torque of a 3phase squirrel cage induction motor is. Now let us discuss in detail, the most common form of induction motor, the squirrel cage induction motor.
There is no electrical connection between these bars. An induction motor or asynchronous motor is an ac electric motor in which the electric current. L direct on line starte it is simple and cheap starter for a 3phase induction motor. Since here we are talking about maintenance of induction motor, and it is of two types. Optimizing the efficiency of three phase squirrel cage induction motors scims plays a. Two digital multimeters and fluke power quality meter with banana cables from the. In this paper, a multiflux level, threephase, squirrelcage induction motor is. Y2 series three phase induction motor i asynchronous motor y2 series three phase asynchronous motor is a kind of totally enclosed fancooled tefc squirrel cage induction motor. Jul 25, 2019 what is squirrel cage induction motor. Squirrel cage induction motor an overview sciencedirect. The 3phase set of currents, each of equal magnitude and with a phase. Our article all about induction motors explains the specifications for all types of induction motors and is a good place to see all the different induction motor characteristics.
The stator winding is assumed to be yconnected with the access to the phase terminals. Pdf modelling of the threephase induction motor using simulink. The squirrel cage rotor is so called because its construction is reminiscent of the rotating exercise wheel found in some pet cages. Menzel squirrel cage motors are available in all standard motor cooling and protection types for lowvoltage from 75 kw as well as medium and high voltage up to 25,000 kw. Set up and connections threephase induction motor noload and fullload operation threephase induction motor operation characteristics threephase induction motor direction of rotation p rocedure high voltages. Explain starting methods of 3 phase induction motor. In squirrel cage induction motor, there is a 3 phase winding on the stator slots. Most of the motors used in industry are induction motors. Three phase squirrel cage induction motors can also be used as generators. The two typed of rotor constructions which are used for induction motors are squirrel cage rotor and slip ring wound rotor. The design of y2 series induction motor absorbed the advanced technology of electric motors around the world.